Aluminum trinitrate
Aluminum nitrate
CAS: 13473-90-0
Molecular Formula: AlN3O9
Aluminum trinitrate - Names and Identifiers
Aluminum trinitrate - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | AlN3O9 |
| Molar Mass | 213 |
| Density | 1.4 g/cm3(Temp: 27 °C) |
| Melting Point | 73°C |
| Boling Point | 135℃[at 101 325 Pa] |
| Water Solubility | 42.99g/L at 25℃ |
| Vapor Presure | 0.01Pa at 25℃ |
| Appearance | solid |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Character: colorless orthorhombic crystal. melting point 73.5 ℃ relative density 1.25 solubility soluble in water, ethanol, acetone, nitric acid. Its aqueous solution is acidic. |
| Use | For catalyst, mordant, leather tanning agent, corrosion inhibitor, other aluminum salts and in the nuclear industry as salting out agent |
Aluminum trinitrate - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R8 - Contact with combustible material may cause fire R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S17 - Keep away from combustible material. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
| UN IDs | UN 1438 |
| Hazard Class | 5.1 |
| Packing Group | III |
Aluminum trinitrate - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Aluminum Aluminum hydroxide Nitric acid |
Aluminum trinitrate - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
white crystals. Melting Point 73. Decomposition above 135 °c. Deliquescence. Soluble in water, alcohol, aqueous solution is acidic. Slightly soluble in acetone, almost insoluble in ethyl acetate, pyridine.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Aluminum trinitrate - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
The metallic aluminum was dissolved in nitric acid with heating, and the solution was boiled with heating and filtered. The filtrate from which the impurities and the remaining aluminum were removed was acidified with nitric acid, concentrated by evaporation at a temperature not higher than 74 ° C. Until crystallization occurred. The precipitated crystals were filtered, washed with ice water, and dried in a desiccator with sulfuric acid for a short time. Aluminum nitrate was obtained.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:00:08
Aluminum trinitrate - Use
Open Data Verified Data
Analytical reagents. It is used as catalyst, mordant, tanning agent, corrosion inhibitor, other aluminum salt and salting-out agent in nuclear industry.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:00:09
Aluminum trinitrate - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
rat oral LDo:4.28g.kg-1. This product dust on the upper respiratory tract irritation, inhalation caused by Cough and chest discomfort. Eye irritation. Nausea, Vomit. Long-term exposure to skin irritation. It should be stored separately from easy (possibly) combustible materials, reducing agents, acids, active metal powders, etc., and should not be mixed.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:00:09
Aluminum trinitrate - Reference Information
| LogP | 1.26 at 20℃ |
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Overview | aluminum nitrate relative density 1.72, molecular weight 375.13, melting point 73.5 ℃, at 73.5 deg C to lose one molecule of water into octahydrate, heat to 115 deg C into hexahydrate, to 150 deg C decomposition into alumina, refractive index of 1.54. Decomposition at 150. Soluble in water, ethanol, acetone, acid, aqueous solution is acidic. Preparation: with aluminum or aluminum hydroxide dissolved in the relative density of 1.42 in nitric acid, concentrated solution, after cooling. Anhydrous white to light yellow crystals. Deliquescence. Relative molecular mass 213.00. Unstable. Can sublimate. Commercially available products are nonahydrate, and nonahydrate is a colorless orthorhombic crystal. It is the most stable form of aluminum nitrate [3.4]. |
| preparation method | aluminum metal or aluminum hydroxide is dissolved in dilute nitric acid, heated to promote its dissolution, filtered to remove undissolved matter, after the solution is concentrated and cooled, crystals may be precipitated. The crystallization is a hydrate of aluminum nitrate, wherein the amount of water of crystallization depends on the concentration of nitric acid used and the cooling temperature. If the relative density of nitric acid is 1.42, the cooling temperature is 20 ℃, and the precipitate is nonahydrate [2]; If the relative density of nitric acid is 1.50, at this time, the precipitate was hexahydrate [Al(NO3)3 · 6H2O]. If the preparation of anhydrous aluminum nitrate, Aluminum Bromide and nitric acid chloride ClNO3 in liquid bromine, in the reaction below -7 deg C, can be prepared [1]. Due to the explosive nature of nitric acid, attention should be paid to the reaction. Since the anhydrous substance is highly hygroscopic, it is easily converted into nonahydrate. Al(OH)3 HNO3→[2] 3ClNO3 AlBr3→[1] |
| Use | as a raw material for the preparation of alumina catalyst support (prepared by the reaction of aluminum nitrate with ammonia, by-product ammonium nitrate volatilizes when the catalyst is activated); Raw material of organic aluminum salt; Tanning agent; Silk mordant; Antiperspirant; Corrosion inhibitor; Uranium extractant; Nitrating agent of organic synthesis, etc. used as catalyst, mordant, tanning agent, corrosion inhibitor, other aluminum salts and salting-out agent in nuclear industry |
| the structure and properties of plasticized chitosan films prepared by dissolving aluminum nitrate | the salt-baked Al(NO3) showed by Jiang Zhicai et Al. 3 • 9H2O aqueous solution can dissolve chitosan, and the dissolution effect is enhanced with the increase of Al(NO3)3 • 9H2O when the dosage of 3 • 9H2O is high, it will destroy the film forming property of chitosan, so the dosage of Al(NO3)3 • 9H2O should not be too high, and can not be improved by Al(NO3). 3. 9H2O dosage to achieve the plasticizing modification of chitosan. The Al(NO3)3 • 9H2O Chitosan film with good performance can be obtained after the synergistic plasticizing modification with glycerol. Al 3 + and NO3-in Al(NO3)3 • 9H2O can interact with-NH2 and-OH on chitosan macromolecular chain, therefore, it will destroy the crystal structure of chitosan and play a plasticizing effect. The addition of glycerol weakens this interaction and attenuates the crystal-damaging effect of Al(NO3)3. 9H2O on chitosan. The addition of glycerol can improve the crystallinity and transmittance of chitosan films. Al(NO3)3 • 9H2O and Al(OH)3 formed in the dissolution process are solid, and glycerol is a high boiling point organic small molecule liquid, the combination of the two can play a better synergistic effect on the modification of chitosan. With Al(NO3)3 • 9H2O aqueous solution as solvent, the Chitosan film prepared by adding glycerol modified has good flexibility and good mechanical properties. |
| Application of aluminum nitrate in paper making | Sachtleben's researchers studied the feasibility of replacing alum for paper making with aluminum nitrate. The focus of this series of products is that nitrate can be biodegraded into nitrogen and discharged from the production system in the form of gas. Since the occurrence of this reaction does not require sufficient oxygen and is far prior to the biodegradation of sulfate, the precipitation of hydrogen sulfide in the papermaking process can also be significantly suppressed. |
| preparation of aluminum nitrate nanoparticles | Wang Zhao et Al. The method of experiment and CFD simulation was used to prepare Al( NO3) by SAS method the process of 3 spherical nanoparticles was studied, and the influence factors and rules of the particle size and morphology of Al( NO3)3 nanoparticles were discussed. Using Realizable K-ε equation to complete the CFD Modeling, the flow field changes in the kettle are obtained, and the process is visualized, which provides strong evidence for the analysis and discussion of the experimental results, it also laid a useful foundation for further exploration of the nucleation process. In the experimental range, by discussing the influence of temperature, pressure and CO2 flow rate, the following conclusions are drawn. 1) in the experimental temperature range, the prepared Al( NO3)3 nanoparticles are spherical, and the sphericity of the particles decreases when the temperature rises to 48, adhesion and aggregation between nanospheres. Mainly due to the increase of temperature, the nucleation mechanism is transformed into "droplet nucleation. 2) with the increase of temperature, the particle size first decreases and then increases, and the minimum is 48. The main reason is that with the increase of temperature, the effective diffusion factor in the vicinity of the nozzle and its jet zone in the kettle first increases and then decreases, which causes the nucleation rate to accelerate and then slow down. At the same time, at relatively high temperature, with the increase of temperature, the decrease of fluid density and surface tension cause two opposite effects on the change of droplet diameter, which compete with each other and affect the particle size. 3) with the increase of pressure, the particle size first decreased and then increased, and reached the minimum value at 16 MPa. The main reason is that with the increase of pressure, the effective diffusion factor increases first and then decreases, which is the maximum at 16 MPa. At the same time, under the relative low pressure in the "droplet nucleation" area, with the increase of the density of the fluid and the decrease of the surface tension, the diameter of the droplet will decrease and the smaller particles will be formed. 4) with the increase of CO2 flow rate, the particle size increases. The main reason is that with the increase of CO2 flow rate, the effective diffusion factor in the kettle decreases, and the growth process of particles plays a major role. |
| thermal conductivity of nonahydrate aluminum nitrate | Nie Guanghua et al, for the first time, the thermal conductivity of nonhydrate aluminum nitrate and barium hydroxide octahydrate, which are suitable for phase change energy storage materials, are measured in the temperature range of 10 ℃ ~ 80 ℃, the inaccuracies of the experimental values were 2.8% and 3.2%, respectively. Meanwhile, it is also reported that the melting points observed in the experiments of aluminum nitrate nonhydrate and barium hydroxide octahydrate are 71 ℃ and 76 ℃ respectively, these measured values are consistent with the literature values in the error range of 1 ℃ ~ 2 ℃. |
| Acute toxicity | LD50:264 mg/kg (Rat oral) classification and marking of commonly used Hazardous Chemicals (GB 13690-92): 5. Class 1 oxidants. oral-rat LD50: 3654 mg/kg |
| solubility in water (g/100ml) | grams dissolved per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 60g/0 ℃;66.7g/10 ℃;73.9g/20 ℃;81.8g/30 ℃;88.7g/40 ℃ 106g/60 ℃;132g/80 ℃;153g/90 ℃;160g/100 ℃ |
| references | [1] guyidong, editor-in-chief. Chemical Dictionary. Shanghai: Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House. 1989. Page 865 [2] Ma Shichang, ed. A Dictionary of chemical substances. Xi'an: Shaanxi Science and Technology Press. 1999. Page 726. [3] Editor-in-chief of Wang's book. Dictionary of fine chemicals. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press. 1998. Page 777. [4] Shen Xinfu et al. A Dictionary of practical chemistry for middle school teachers. Beijing: Beijing Science and Technology Press. 2002. P. 166 [5] Shen Li-wen, Edited by Wang Jitao. Compound Dictionary. Shanghai: Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House. 2002. Page 148. [6] Editor-in-chief of an Jiaju; Bao Wenzao, Wang Boying, Li Shunping co-editor. Practical Dictionary of fine chemicals. Beijing: China Light Industry Press. 2000. Page 1044. [7] Jiang Xian Cai, Weng Sen, Shi Liqiao. Structure and Properties of plasticized chitosan films prepared by dissolving aluminum nitrate [J]. Polymer Materials Science and Engineering, 2015,31(7):64-68 [8] Tian Chao. Application of aluminum nitrate treated with sulfuric acid in papermaking [J]. Paper Chemicals, 2006,18(5):50. [9] Wang Zhao-ya, Zhang Minhua, Geng Zhongfeng, etc. Study on the flow field of aluminum nitrate nanoparticles prepared by SAS method [J]. Chemical industry and engineering, 2015,32(2):56-62. [10] Guo Guang-hua, Li Yao-hua, Zhang Zhi-ying, etc. Experimental study on thermal conductivity of nonhydrated aluminum nitrate and barium hydroxide octahydrate [J]. Energy Research and Information, 2004,20(1):46-50. |
| production method | 1. Synthesis method: the metal aluminum plate is cleaned with 10% caustic soda solution to remove oil pollution on the surface, washed with water, put into the reactor with stirring, add a small amount of mercury oxide as oxidant, and then slowly add about 38% dilute nitric acid, the reaction was heated with steam at 110~115 °c for 2H to produce a reaction solution concentration of 25~32 ° Bé, which was clarified and filtered, the filtrate was concentrated to 45~47 ° Bé by evaporation, and then cooled to crystallize and centrifuged to prepare a finished aluminum nitrate product. The reaction scheme is as follows: the mother liquor of Al +6HNO3 + → Al(NO3)3 + 3H2O +3NO2 is sent to the evaporator for recycling. The nitrogen dioxide gas released during the reaction can be absorbed by alkali to produce sodium nitrite or sodium nitrate. 2. Aluminum ash nitric acid method: after adding caustic soda solution and aluminum ash into the reactor for reaction to generate sodium aluminate, nitric acid is added for reaction to generate aluminum hydroxide and sodium nitrate. After the reaction solution is filtered, aluminum nitrate solution is prepared by dissolving aluminum hydroxide and nitric acid, and then filtered, concentrated by evaporation, cooled crystallization and centrifugal separation to obtain aluminum nitrate product. The reaction formula is as follows: 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O + → 2NaAlO2+3H2 NaAlO2 + HNO3 + H2O + → Al(OH)3 + nano3al (OH)3+6HNO3 +→ 2Al(NO3)3 + 6H2O |
| category | oxidant |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| stimulation data | Skin-rabbit 500 mg mild; Eye-rabbit 100 mg severe |
| explosive hazard characteristics | mixed with reductant, sulfur, phosphorus, etc, friction can burst |
| flammability hazard characteristics | is combustible in combination with organic matter, reducing agent, combustible sulfur and phosphorus; toxic nitrogen oxides and alumina fumes from combustion |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; Light loading and light unloading; With organic matter, reducing agent, sulfur, separate storage of phosphorus flammability |
| fire extinguishing agent | water and sand mist |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 2 mg (aluminum)/m3 |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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Raw Materials for Aluminum trinitrate